NOTE: These cases included a large spectrum of illnesses including but not limited to patients having fever, cough, chest pain, nausea, and body pain. Mild (non-pneumonia and mild pneumonia cases) represented 80.9% of confirmed patients with COVID-19 in China. Among the 44,672 confirmed COVID-19 cases reported from Decemthrough February 11, 2020, the clinical presentation was as follow: The first largest description of patients with COVID-19 came from China, where the outbreak of COVID-19 started, and is described in detail below. Data from several countries suggest that 14%-19% are hospitalized and 3%-5% will need intense care unit admission.

Illness Severity 5,6,7Дespite the important concerns about case fatality rates, most COVID-19 illnesses are вЂ“ and we expect will continue to be вЂ“ mild, and most patients will recover spontaneously with some supportive care, especially children and young adults. It is important to note that some people become infected and do not develop any symptoms or feel unwell. The estimated incubation period is between 2 and 14 days with a median of 5 days. Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.SymptomsДЄ wide range of symptoms for COVID-19 have been reported 4. Certain procedures in health facilities can generate fine aerosols and should be avoided whenever possible. Short-range transmission is a possibility particularly in crowded medical wards and inadequately ventilated spaces 3. However, this cannot easily be distinguished from вЂњdropletвЂќ transmission based on epidemiologic patterns. Short-range inhalation of aerosols is a possibility for COVID-19, as with many respiratory pathogens. Current data do not support long range aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2, such as seen with measles or tuberculosis. Recent data suggest that there can be transmission of COVID-19 through droplets of those with mild symptoms or those who do not feel ill 2. Respiratory droplets can land on hands, objects or surfaces around the person when they cough or talk, and people can then become infected with COVID-19 from touching hands, objects or surfaces with droplets and then touching their eyes, nose, or mouth. A physical distance of at least 1 meter (3 ft) between persons is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to avoid infection, 1 whereas CDC recommends maintaining a physical distance of at least 1.8 meters (6ft) between persons. Infectious droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.

These droplets are released when someone with COVID-19 sneezes, coughs, or talks. TransmissionД¬OVID-19 is primarily transmitted from person-to-person through respiratory droplets. Additionally, travel-related exportation of cases has occurred. Early in the outbreak, many patients were reported to have a link to a large seafood and live animal market, however, later cases with no link to the market confirmed person-to-person transmission of the disease. COVID-19 is caused by the virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new virus in humans causing respiratory illness which can be spread from person-to-person. Coronavirus Disease 2019: EmergenceД¬OVID-19 was identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. These coronaviruses range from the common cold to more severe diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19. In humans there are several known coronaviruses that cause respiratory infections. Coronavirus Background:Д¬oronaviruses are a large family of viruses that can cause illness in animals or humans. The rest of the document reviews COVID-19 IPC priorities, in non-US healthcare settings. This overview is organized by first presenting a background on coronaviruses and then briefly describes the emergence, transmission, symptoms, prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

The information in this document draws from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidance documents and Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) priorities for the response to COVID-19 in healthcare settings and includes information that can be used in non-US contexts. This overview was created for healthcare workers in non-US healthcare settings and government officials working on the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) response.

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